Chaaro'n A'imma e Kiraam (Imaam Abu Haneefa, Imaam Maalik, Imaam Shaafayi Aur Imaam Ahmad Bin Hambal Rahmatullaah Alaihim Ajma'een) Bar Haq Hai'n Lekin Unme'n Kisi Ek Imaam Ki Taqleed (Pairwi) Zaroori Hai Taake Insaan Apni Sahoolat Aur Khwaahish e Nafs Ke Mutaabiq Masaa'il Ka Intekhaab Na Kare, Kyu'nke Agar Har Shakhs Apni Marzi Ke Mutaabiq A'imma Ke Aasaan Masaa'il Chunne Lage, To Yeh Deen Ka Mazaaq Udaane Ke Mutaraadif Hoga, Haasil e Kalaam Yeh Hai Ke Inteshaar Aur Nafs Parasti Se Bachne Keliye Chaaro'n Me'n Se Kisi Ek Hi Fiq'hi Maktaba e Fikr Ki Paabandi (Taqleed/Pairwi) Laazim Hai.
Aaye'n Taqleed (Pairwi) Se Muta'alliq Mohaddiseen, Mufassireen Aur Aslaaf e Ummat Ki Ibaaraat Mulaaheza Kare'n Aur Dekhe'n Ke In Hazraat Ne Taqleed (Pairwi) Se Muta'alliq Kya Irshaad Farmaaya Hai.
Taqleed (Pairwi) Ki Ta'reef :- Imaam Mohammad Gazaali Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Taqleed (Pairwi) Ka Asal Maf'hoom Yeh Hai Ke Kisi (Imaam e Mujtahid) Ki Baat Ko Mahez Unke Ae'temaad Par Maan Lena, Jabke Use Maanne Waala (Muqallid) Iss Baat Ki Asal Daleel Ya Sharayi Saboot Ka Mutaalba Na Kare. (Al-Mustafa Fi Ilmil Usool, Safha No.370, Naashir Daarul Kutubul Ilmiya, Bairoot, Lebnaan)
Aur Imaam Khateeb Bagdaadi Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Taqleed Ka Matlab Yeh Hai Ke Kisi (Imaam e Mujtahid) Ki Baat Ko Bagair Kisi Daleel (Sharayi Ko Talab Kiye) Maan Lena. (Al-Faqeeh Wal Mutafaqqeeh, Jild No.02, Safha No.128, Naashir Daaru Ibne Jauzi, Sa'oodi Arabiya)
Zaroori Note :- Kuchh Log Taqleed Ki Ta'reef Me'n Dhoka Dete Hai'n Ke "Bila Hujjah Ya'ni Bagair Daleel" Ke Maanne Ka Naam Taqleed Hai, To Yaad Rakhe'n Ke Iska Matlab Hargiz Yeh Nahee'n Ke Iss (Imaam e Mujtahid) Ki Baat Ki Koi Daleel (Qur'aan Wa Hadees Se) Maujood Hi Nahee'n Hai, Balke Iska Matlab Yeh Hai Ke Maanne Waala (Muqallid) Daleel Talab Nahee'n Karta Kyu'nke Muqallid Imaam e Mujtahid Ki Ilmi Mahaarat, Taqwa Aur Baseerat Par Iss Qadar Bharosa Karta Hai Ke Woh Samajhta Hai Ke Imaam e Mujtahid Ne Jo Kuchh Kaha Hai Woh Yaqeenan Qur'aan Wa Sunnat Ki Roshni Hi Me'n Kaha Hoga, Khulaasa Yeh Hai Ke Taqleed "Andhi Pairwi" Nahee'n Balke "Ae'temaad Ki Pairwi" Ka Naam Hai.
Taqleed Sirf Jaa'iz Hi Nahee'n Balke Zaroori Hai :-
Imaam Khateeb Bagdaadi Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Rahi Baat Sharayi Ahkaam Ki, To Woh 2 Qism Ke Hai'n,
Pehli Qism :- Woh Ahkaam Jo Rasoolullaah ﷺ Ke Deen Se Zaroori Taur Par Ma'loom Hai'n (Ya'ni Jinka Ilm Hona Har Musalmaan Keliye Laazim Aur Badehi Hai) Jaise, 5 Waqt Ki Namaaze'n, Zakaat, Maahe Ramzaan Ke Roze, Hajj, Zina Ki Hurmat, Sharaab Noshi Ki Hurmat Aur Iss Jaisi Deegar Cheeze'n, Pas Inme'n Taqleed Jaa'iz Nahee'n, Kyu'nke Tamaam Log Inko Jaanne Aur Inke Ilm Me'n Baraabar Ke Shareek Hai'n, Lehaaza Inme'n Taqleed Ka Koi Ma'ni (Ya Zaroorat) Nahee'n Hai.
Doosri Qism :- Woh Ahkaam Jo Gaur Wa Fikr Aur Istedlaal Ke Bagair Ma'loom Nahee'n Ho Sakte, Jaise Ibaadat Ke Furooyi (Tafseeli) Masaa'il, Mu'aamlaat (Khareed Wa Farokht Wagairah), Sharmgaaho'n Ke Ahkaam (Nikaah Wa Talaaq Ke Pecheedah Masaa'il) Aur Inke Alaawah Deegar Ahkaam, To Yeh Woh Masaa'il Hai'n Jinme'n Taqleed Ki Gunjaa'ish (Ijaazat) Hai. (Al-Faqeeh Wal Mutafaqqeeh, Jild No.02, Safha No.131, Naashir Daaru Ibne Jauzi, Sa'oodi Arabiya)
Aage Mazeed Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Agar Ham Deen Ke Furooyi Masaa'il (Roz Marrah Ke Amali Ahkaamaat) Me'n Taqleed Ko Mamnu Qaraar De De'n, To Har Shakhs Keliye In Masaa'il Ka Khud Gehra Ilm Haasil Karna Zaroori Ho Jaayega, Aur Agar Ise Har Fard Par Laazim Kar Diya Jaaye To Log Apne Ma'aash Aur Rozgaar Ke Kaamo'n Se Kat Jaaye'nge, Jiska Nateeja Kheti Baadi Ki Tabaahi Aur Maal Maweshiyo'n Ki Halaakat Ki Soorat Me'n Niklega, Lehaaza (Aa'm Aadmi Keliye Tehqeeq e Masaa'il Ki) Yeh Shart Saaqit Hona Zaroori Hai. (Al-Faqeeh Wal Mutafaqqeeh, Jild No.02, Safha No.131, Naashir Daaru Ibne Jauzi, Sa'oodi Arabiya)
Ibne Abi Ya'la Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Jo Shakhs Yeh Da'wa Karta Hai Ke Woh Taqleed (Ya'ni A'imma Ki Pairwi) Ka Qaa'il Nahee'n Hai Aur Apne Deen Ke Mu'aamlaat Me'n Kisi Ki Pairwi Nahee'n Karta, To Allaah Aur Uske Rasool ﷺ Ke Nazdeek Yeh Ek Bad Kirdaar (Faasiq) Shakhs Ki Baat Hai, Aise Shakhs Ka Asal Maqsad Aslaaf Ke Naqshe Qadam (Aasaar) Ko Mitaana, Ilm Aur Sunnat Ko Be Asar Karna, Aur Mahez Apni Zaati Raaye, Ilm e Kalaam Aur Bid'at Wa Inteshaar Ko Farog Dena Hai. (Tabaqaatul Hanaabila, Jild No.01, Safha No.31, Naashir Daarul Ma'rifah, Bairoot)
Imaamul Tafseer Allaama Qurtubi Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Ek Giroh Ne Iss Aayat Se Taqleed Ki Mazammat Par Istedlaal Kiya Hai, Kyu'nke Allaah Paak Ne Kuffaar Ki Iss Wajah Se Mazammat Farmaayi Hai Ke Woh Baatil Me'n Apne Baap Daada Ki Pairwi Karte The Aur Kufr Wa Na Farmaani Me'n Unki Taqleed Karte The, Baatil Ke Mu'aamle Me'n To Yeh Baat Durust Hai, Lekin Haq Me'n Taqleed Karna Deen Ke Usoolo'n Me'n Se Ek Asal Hai Aur Musalmaano'n Keliye Bachaao Ka Ek Zariya Hai. (Tafseer e Qurtubi, Jild No.02, Safha No.211, Tafseer Sureh Baqarah, Aayat No.170, Naashir Daarul Kutubul Misriya, Qaaherah)
Imaam Burhaanuddeen Ya'muri (Wafaat 799 Hijri) Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- In A'imma e Kiraam (Ya'ni Imaam Abu Haneefa, Imaam Maalik, Imaam Shaafayi Aur Imaam Ahmad Bin Hambal Rahimahullaah) Ki Taqleed Par Ijma Ho Chuka Hai, Agarche Unki Zaat Ke Ta'ayyun Me'n Ikhtelaaf Raha Hai, Aur Ulama Ka Iss Baat Par Ittefaaq Hai Ke Inhi Ki Itteba Ki Jaaye, Inhi Ke Mazaahib Ki Iqteda Ki Jaaye, Inhi Ki Kitaabo'n Ka Dars Wa Tadrees Ho, Inhi Ke Maakhaz (Istedlaal Ke Maqaamaat) Se Fiq'hi Baseerat Haasil Ki Jaaye, Inhi Ke Qawaa'id Par Masaa'il Ki Buniyaad Rakhi Jaaye Aur Inhi Ke Usoolo'n Se Furooyi Masaa'il Nikaale Jaaye'n, Inke Alaawah Kisi Aur Ke Saath Yeh Mu'aamla (Ittefaaq) Nahee'n Huwa. Addeebajul Mazhab, Jild No.01, Safha No.73, Naashir Daarul Turaas, Qaaherah)
Imaam Ibne Khuldoon Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Iss Zamaane Me'n Ijtehaad Ka Da'wa Karne Waala Ulti Chaal Chalta Hai Aur Uski Taqleed Mardood Hai Isliye Ke Ab Ahle Islaam Hazraat A'imma e Arba'ah Imaam Abu Haneefa Wa Imaam Maalik Wa Imaam Shaafayi Aur Imaam Ahmad Bin Hambal Rahmatullaah Alaihim Ajma'een Ki Taqleed Par Hi Kaar Band Hai'n. (Taareekh Ibne Khuldoon, Jild No.01, Safha No.567, Naashir Daarul Fikr, Bairoot)
Ek Jagah Aur Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Jab Ijtehaad Ke Martabe Tak Paho'nchna Dushwaar Ho Gaya Aur Yeh Andesha Paida Huwa Ke Kahee'n Yeh Kaam (Ijtehaad) Aise Na Ahel Logo'n Ke Supurd Na Ho Jaaye Jinki Raaye Aur Deen Par Bharosa Nahee'n Kiya Ja Sakta, To (Ulama Ne) Apni Aa'jizi Aur (Iss Rutbe Ke Mafqood Hone Ka) Barmala Iz'haar Kar Diya Aur Logo'n Ko Inhi (A'imma e Arba'ah) Ki Taqleed Ki Taraf Waapas Pher Diya, Jiska Jis Imaam Se Ta'alluq Tha, Unho'n Ne Iss Baat Se Bhi Mana Kar Diya Ke Taqleed Me'n Baar Baar Tabdeeli Ki Jaaye (Ya'ni Ek Maz'hab Se Doosre Me'n Apni Marzi Se Jaaya Jaaye) Kyu'nke Usme'n Deen Ke Saath Khilwaad Ka Pehlu Nikalta Tha, Chunaanche Ab Sirf In A'imma Ke Mazaahib Ki Naqal Aur Riwaayat Hi Baaqi Reh Gayi Hai. (Taareekh e Ibne Khuldoon, Jild No.1, Safha No.566, Naashir Daarul Fikr, Bairoot)
Shaareh Muslim Imaam Nawwi Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Agar (Bagair Kisi Zaabte Ke) Jis Maz'hab Ki Chaahe'n Pairwi (Taqleed) Karna Jaa'iz Hota, To Uska Nateeja Yeh Nikalta Ke Insaan Apni Khwaahish e Nafs Ki Pairwi Karte Huwe Mukhtalif Mazaahib Ki Rukhsate'n (Aasaaniyaa'n) Talaash Karne Lagta, Aur (Apni Sahoolat Ke Mutaabiq) Halaal, Haraam, Waajib Aur Jaa'iz Ke Darmiyaan Intekhaab Karta, Chunaanche Iss Buniyaad Par (Ab) Insaan Keliye Zaroori Hai Ke Woh Kisi Ek Muta'ayyan Maz'hab Ko Muntakhab Karne Ki Koshish Kare Jiski Taqleed Kar Sake. (Al-Majmu Sharhul Muhazzab, Jild No.01, Safha No.55, Naashir Daarul Fikr, Bairoot, Lebnaan)
Imaam e Asma Wa Rijaal Allaama Zehbi Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Ji Haa'n, Jo Shakhs Ijtehaad Ke Martabe Ko Paho'nch Jaaye Aur A'imma Ki Ek Jamaa'at Uske (Mujtahid Hone) Ki Gawaahi De De, To Uske Liye Yeh Jaa'iz Nahee'n Ke Woh (Kisi Ki) Taqleed Kare, Jis Tarah Ek Mubtadi (Ibtedaayi Taalib e Ilm) Faqeeh Aur Woh Aa'mi (Aa'm Aadmi) Jisne Qur'aan Ya Uska Bada Hissa Hifz Kar Rakha Ho, Uske Liye Ijtehaad Karna Hargiz Jaa'iz Nahee'n Hai, Woh Bhala Kaise Ijtehaad Karega? Woh Kya Kahega? Aur Kis Buniyaad Par (Masaa'il) Istewaar Karega? Woh Kaise Ud Sakta Hai Jabke Abhi Uske Par Hi Nahee'n Nikle?
Teesri Qism Woh Muntaha (Aa'la Darje Ka) Faqeeh, Bedaar Magaz, Saahib e Faham Aur Mohaddis Hai, Jisne Furooyi Masaa'il Me'n Koi Mukhtasar Kitaab Aur Usool e Fiqh Ke Qawaa'id Me'n Koi Kitaab Hifz Kar Rakhi Ho, Nawh (Arabi Grammer) Padhi Ho, Deegar Fazaa'il Wa Uloom Me'n Hissa Paaya Ho, Aur Iske Saath Saath Woh Kitaabullaah Ka Haafiz Ho, Iski Tafseer Me'n Mashgool Rehta Ho Aur Munaazre Ki Quwwat Rakhta Ho, To Yeh Woh Martaba Hai Jo "Ijtehaad e Muqayyad" (Matlooba Sharaa'it Ke Saath Ijtehaad) Ke Darje Ko Paho'nch Gaya Aur A'imma Ke Dalaa'il Me'n Nazar Wa Fikr Karne Ka Ahel Ho Gaya, Chunaanche Jab Kisi Masle Me'n Uspar Haq Waazeh Ho Jaaye, Iss Baare Me'n (Qur'aan Wa Hadees Ki) Nas Saabit Ho Jaaye Aur A'imma e Aa'laam Me'n Se Kisi Ek Ne Uspar Amal Bhi Kiya Ho, Maslan Imaam Abu Haneefa, Ya Imaam Maalik, Ya Imaam Sauri, Ya Imaam Auzaayi, Ya Imaam Shaafayi, Abu Ubaid, Imaam Ahmad Aur Is'haaq (Rahmatullaah Alaihim Ajma'een) To Use Chaahiye Ke Iss Mu'aamle Me'n Haq Ki Pairwi Kare Aur Rukhsato'n (Aasaaniyaa'n Dhoo'ndne) Ke Peechhe Na Pade, Balke Taqwa Ikhtiyaar Kare, Aise Shakhs Keliye Daleel Qaayem Ho Jaane Ke Ba'ad Taqleed Ki Gunjaa'ish Nahee'n Rehti. (Siyar Aa'laamun Nubala, Jild No.18, Safha No.191, Naashir Mo'assasatur Risaala)
Shaah Waliullaah Mohaddis e Dehlawi Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Beshak Yeh Chaaro'n Mazaahib (Hanafi, Maaliki, Shaafayi Aur Hambali) Jo Mudawwan (Kitaabi Shakal Me'n Mehfooz) Aur Murattab Ho Chuke Hai'n, Unpar Ummat Ka Ya Ummat Ke Un Afraad Ka Jinka (Ilmi Lehaaz Se) Ae'tebaar Kiya Jaata Hai, Iss Baat Par Ijma (Ittefaaq) Ho Chuka Hai Ke Aajke Din Tak In Chaaro'n Ki Taqleed Karna Jaa'iz Hai, Aur Iss (Taqleed) Me'n Aisi Maslehate'n Aur Faa'ide Posheedah Hai'n Jo Kisi Se Dhake Chhupe Nahee'n Hai'n, Khaas Taur Par Maujoodah Daur Me'n Jab Himmate'n Bahot Past Ho Chuki Hai'n, Nufoos Khwaahishaat Ke Gulaam Ho Chuke Hai'n Aur Har Saahib e Raaye Apni Hi Raaye Par Itraane (Aur Use Hi Harf e Aakhir Samajhne) Laga Hai. (Hujjatullaahil Baaligah, Jild No.01, Safha No.263, Naashir Daarul Jeel, Bairoot, Lebnaan)
Isi Tarah Shaah Waliullaah Mohaddis e Dehlawi Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Kisi Mo'ayyan (Khaas) Imaam Ki Taqleed Ka Wujoob, Pas Yeh Kabhi Waajib Hoti Hai Aur Kabhi Waajib Nahee'n Hoti, Chunaanche Agar Koi Na Waaqif Shakhs Mulk e Hind Ya Maawaraaun Nahar Ke Ilaaqo'n Me'n Ho Aur Wahaa'n Na Koi Shaafayi Aa'lim Ho, Na Maaliki Aur Na Hi Hambali, Aur Na Hi In Mazaahib Ki Kutub Me'n Se Koi Kitaab Moyassar Ho, To Aisi Soorat Me'n Uspar Imaam Abu Haneefa (Alaihir Rahma) Ke Maz'hab Ki Taqleed Karna Waajib Hai, Aur Uske Liye Apne (Iss Ikhtiyaar Kardah) Maz'hab Se Nikalna Haraam Hai. (Al-Insaaf, Safha No.79, Naashir Daarun Nafaa'is, Bairoot, Lebnaan)
Hasan Bin Muhammad Bin Mehmood Al-Attaar Al-Shaafayi (Wafaat 1250 Hijri) Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Asah (Zyaadah Saheeh Qaul) Yeh Hai Ke Aa'mi (Aa'm Aadmi) Aur Iske Alaawah Uss Shakhs Par Jo Ijtehaad Ke Martabe Tak Nahee'n Paho'ncha, Yeh Waajib Hai Ke Woh Mujtahideen Ke Mazaahib (Jaise Hanafi, Shaafayi, Maaliki Ya Hambali) Me'n Se Kisi Ek Mo'ayyan Maz'hab Ki Paabandi (Taqleed) Kare. (Haashiyatul Attaar Ala Sharhil Jalaal, Jild No.02, Safha No.440, Naashir Daarul Kutubil Ilmiyya)
Wahaabiyo'n Ke Imaam Wa Allaama Ibne Taimiya Apni Kitaab Me'n Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Taqleed Majmooyi Taur Par Jaa'iz Hai, (Ulama) Na To Har Shakhs Par Ijtehaad Ko Waajib Qaraar Dete Hai'n Ke (Uske Bagair) Taqleed Ko Haraam Thehraaya Jaaye, Aur Na Hi Har Shakhs Par Taqleed Ko Waajib Qaraar Dete Hai'n Ke (Uske Bagair) Ijtehaad Ko Haraam Thehraaya Jaaye, Balke Haqeeqat Yeh Hai Ke Jo Shakhs Ijtehaad Ki Salaahiyat Rakhta Ho Uske Liye Ijtehaad Jaa'iz Hai, Aur Jo Shakhs Ijtehaad Se Aa'jiz Ho Uske Liye Taqleed Jaa'iz Hai,
Rahi Baat Uss Shakhs Ki Jo Ijtehaad Ki Salaahiyat Rakhta Ho, To Kya Uske Liye Taqleed Jaa'iz Hai? Isme'n (Ulama Ke Maabain) Ikhtelaaf Hai, Saheeh Baat Yeh Hai Ke Uske Liye Taqleed Jaa'iz Hai, Bashart Yeh Ke Woh (Kisi Khaas Soorat e Haal Me'n) Ijtehaad Se Aa'jiz Ho Jaaye. (Majmoo'ah Fataawa, Jild No.20, Safha No.204)
Isi Tarah Ibne Taimiya Apni Kitaab Me'n Ek Doosri Jagah Likhte Hai'n,
Tarjuma :- Aur (Deen Ki Taraf) Da'wat Dene Waale (Ya Pukaarne Waale) Ki Soorat e Haal Do Haalo'n Se Khaali Nahee'n,
Awwal :- Yeh Ke Woh Ya To Mujtahid Hoga Ya Muqallid, Chunaanche Jo Mujtahid Hoga Woh (Khairul Quroon Ki) Pehli 3 Sadiyo'n Ke Mutaqaddimeen (Buzurgo'n) Ki Tasaaneef Wa Taaleefaat Me'n Gaur Wa Fikr Karega, Phir (Daleel Ki Buniyaad Par) Unme'n Se Jis Qaul Ko Tarjeeh Dena Munaasib Hoga, Use Tarjeeh Dega,
Duwwam :- Raha Muqallid, To Woh Salaf Saaleheen Ki Taqleed Karega, Kyu'nke Pehle Guzre Huwe Zamaane (Khairul Quroon) Apne Ba'ad Me'n Aane Waale Zamaano'n Se Afzal Hai'n. (Majmoo'ah Fataawa, Jild No.20, Safha No.09)
Ek Aur Jagah Wahaabiyo'n Ke Imaam Wa Allaama Ibne Taimiya Lekhte Hai'n,
وَأَئِمَّةُ الْحَدِيثِ كَالْبُخَارِيِّ وَمُسْلِمٍ وَالتِّرْمِذِيِّ وَالنَّسَائِي وَغَيْرِهِمْ هُمْ أَيْضًا مِنْ أَتْبَاعِهِمَا وَمِمَّنْ يَأْخُذُ الْعِلْمَ وَالْفِقْهَ عَنْهُمَا
Tarjuma :- Hadees Ke Bade Bade A'imma Jaise Bukhaari, Muslim, Tirmizi, Nasaayi Aur Deegar Bhi Imaam Ahmad Bin Hambal Aur Imaam Is'haaq Bin Raahooya Ke Pairokaar (Muqallideen) Hai'n Aur Unhi Se Ilm Wa Fiqh Haasil Karne Waalo'n Me'n Se Hai'n. (Majmoo'ah Fataawa, Jild No.25, Safha No.232)
Mazkoorah Baala Saare Dalaa'il Se Waazeh Hota Hai Ke Taqleed Karna Zaroori Hai, Lehaaza Gair Muqallideen Naam Nihaad Ahle Hadeeso'n Ke Fitno'n Se Bache'n Aur Doosro'n Ko Bhi Bachaane Ki Har Mumkin Koshish Kare'n.
By Alahazrat Foundation Research Team - 7710809266/9892708816)
